Cultural Differences Between Australia And Sri Lanka Essay

THE INDIVIDUAL REPORT Cultural Differences Between Australia and Sri Lanka Hofstede s cultural dimensions theory (POWER DISTANCE) Student Name : Dinusha Thilakaratne Student ID No : 101322462 Teachers Name : Shirley Robinson Date : 11.11.2016 Introduction The key purpose behind this report is to decide the significance of Hofstede s dimensions and to set up the attributes of the two countries under thought in connection to Hofstede social model. It is likewise expected to give significant data in the wake of an Australian company opening another branch in Sri Lanka. This report briefly discusses the strengths and the weaknesses that the company has and the solutions need to be taken in order to achieve the global market. The two countries are comparing to each other by one of the Hofstede s dimensions which is â€Å"Power Distance†. What is Business Culture? Culture is a main part in a business and it has a huge power on the intentional way of business. Culture effects management for decision making and all other business purposes from production to accounting. The business culture defines as the ethics and actions that donate to the exclusive social and also physical environment of the organization. Furthermore the business culture can be defined as an evolving traditional of combined beliefs, standards and attitudes. Culture is a main section in an organization and it has a huge effect onShow MoreRelatedCultural Differences Between Australia And Sri Lanka Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Differences Between Australia and Sri Lanka Student Name : Dinusha Thilakaratne Student ID No : 101322462 Teachers Name : Shirley Robinson Date : 11.11.2016 THE INDIVIDUAL REPORT â€Æ' Introduction The key purpose behind this report is to decide the significance of Hofstede s dimensions and to set up the attributes of the two countries under thought in connection to Hofstede social model. And also this report includes description andRead MorePower Distance And Organization Performance1299 Words   |  6 Pages POWER DISTANCE AND ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE IN SRI LANKA The term of power distance was used as far as know for first time in 1960s by Dutch social psychologist Maccalder, he did experiment with individual and he gave difference power relationship. 1970s Hofstede was barrowed term of power distance and described difference between national societies (10 Minutes with Geert Hofstede 2014). The dimension of power distance can be defined as the degree of inequality among people which the populationRead MoreLearning Experience : A Multi Disciplinary Study Tour2196 Words   |  9 Pagesprovided me with the opportunity to have multiple educational and confronting experiences that would otherwise be difficult to experience in Australia through a textbook. 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Tea production in Sri Lanka is of high importance to the Sri Lankan economy and the world market. Sri Lanka is the worlds fourth largest producer of tea and the industry is one of the countrys main sources of foreign exchange and a significant source of income for labourers, with tea accounting for 15% of the GDPRead MoreCultural Competency And Health Care1462 Words   |  6 Pages Cultural competency is secure, respectful, reciprocal relationships and partnerships, which respects for diversity and obey expectations and equity. In today’s society, cultural competency is quite important to the worldwide healthcare due to the cultural differences. In Melbourne, Australia, Monash Health is a community service in the local government area (LGA) of Monash. In order to demonstrate the features and importance of cultural competency, details of this community (Monash) are going toRead MoreDecolonization Of The British Empire6038 Words   |  25 Pagesresearch the U.K.’s Westminster Act of 1931 or the official year of independence is considered the critical juncture. The Westminster Act gives the Dominions- Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, the option to abolish appeals to the JCPC. The critical juncture for all other states is the year of independence starting with India and Sri Lanka in 1948 to the most recent, Brunei, in 1984. I hypothesize that the longer length of time the state was a colony increases the likelihood that the JCPC will beRead MoreImportance Of Christian Ecumenical Movements And Interfaith Dialogue1573 Words   |  7 Pagesecumenical movements and interfaith dialogue in Australia post World War II is of great significance to the broader Australian society. It plays a great role in uniting and celebrating the differences and recognising the similarities of the religions, as well as appreciating the uniqueness of the various religions. Ecumenism and interfaith dialogue have been an important feature due to a range of reasons including the abolishment of the White Australia Policy, the arrival of mass migration after WWIIRead MoreDoing Business in the Asia/Pacific Rim Region31325 Words   |  126 PagesSTATE CAPITAL GROUP ASIA/PACIFIC RIM MEMBER FIRMS AUSTRALIA (MELBOURNE) Hall Wilcox AUSTRALIA (SYDNEY) Holman Webb Level 30 Bourke Place 600 Bourke Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia +(61-3) 9603-3555 PHONE +(61-3) 9670-9632 FAX www.hallandwilcox.com.au Contact Attorney: Mark Dunphy mark.dunphy@hallandwilcox.com.au CHINA (HONG KONG) Level 17 Angel Place 123 Pitt Street, GPO Box 119 Sydney, New South Wales DX 233 Australia +(61-2) 9390-8000 PHONE +(61-2) 9390-8390 FAX www.holmanwebb

The Brain Its Functions Free Essays

Opening Notes: * Interest and research in the brain is at an all-time pace The cure for some common diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Multiple Sclerosis has accelerated the efforts of many scientists * Many of the names for the parts of the brain have come from Latin and Greek words * The easiest way to learn about the brain is to look at it as three divisions; the hindbrain, the midbrain and the forebrain * Modern imaging has allowed us to study the brain and locate where important functions are occurring * Functions do not happen in just one area of the brain Many neural layers and areas are found in any one activity that happens. * Some areas do appear to be predominantly involved in certain functions. The hindbrain: * The hindbrain is located where the spinal cord goes into the cranium * The first area that we see if the medulla. We will write a custom essay sample on The Brain Its Functions or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is the swelling at the tip of the spinal cord. * It is concerned with all of our automatic functioning, such as breathing, heart rate and swallowing medulla: controls all involuntary responses * reticular formation: regulates sleep and wakefulness reticular formation: regulates sleep and wakefulness Inside the medulla is the reticulum activation system It is concerned with arousal, attention and sleep * The second part of the hindbrain that we see is the cerebellum Is sometimes called the small brain cerebellum: controls coordinated motor activity e. g when you first learn to ride a bike, you have to think about everything you do. After you learn to ride a bike, it becomes totally automatic, and that is because of the cerebellum * The next part that we see is the pons Pons means bridge in Greek and that’s exactly what the pons is * It is a bridge taking in all of our sensory information and taking it to the cortex to be interpreted. pons: the bridge from brainstem to cortex The midbrain: * The midbrain takes all of the incoming neural information and channels it to the correct part of the cortex to be interpreted. * It is also involved in muscle tone and helps in sleep, wakefulness and attention. The forebrain: * It is the most complicated part of the brain, and it is what separates us as human beings from other animals. When we first look inside the skull, what we see is the cerebrum. * The cerebrum is composed of two parts called hemispheres; the right side and the left side * The outer covering of the cerebrum is called the cortex * It is made up of what is called convolutions – the worm-like structures that you see when you look at the brain convolutions: folds in the brain that store memories * We can look at the cortex in anoth er way and divide the cortex into four sections called lobes; function of the lobe is to interpret information coming in from our senses cortex: surface layer of brain Lobes: * Located in the back of the head is the occipital lobe. * The occipital lobe processes visual information, or what we see. occipital lobe: interprets visual information * Coming to the top of the head is the parietal lobe. * The parietal lobe processes information on pain, touch, temperature and pressure parietal lobe: interprets temperature, pain, pressure and touch * Located on the sides of our head, right above our ears, are the temporal lobes. * The temporal lobes process auditory information, emotion, and have a part in memory temporal lobe: interprets auditory information Located right above our forehead is our frontal lobe; it is the largest part of the cortex and the part of our brain that makes us human. * It is involved in speech production, logical and rational thought, and has the ability to understand and plan the future. frontal lobe: controls speaking, thought and future planning * There are two areas behind the frontal lobe. * The first one is the motor cortex and it interprets our muscular sensations. motor cortex: controls voluntary movements Right behind it is the sensory cortex and it is the part of the cortex that tries to coordinate all of the information coming in from all of our senses. sensory cortex: processes body sensations Inside of the cerebrum is the limbic system: * The limbic system is a primitive part of the cerebral cortex. It is made up of several parts that have a function in the everyday working of the brain * The first part is the corpus callosum. corpus callosum: connects the hemispheres of the brain * It is a band of nerve fibers that hold the right and left hemisphere together. It allows the right side of our brain to know what the left side is doing, and the left side to know what the right side is doing. * The second structure is the thalamus. The thalamus is sort of a relay center of the brain. * It takes in all of the sensory information and takes it to the cortex to be interpreted, and takes it from the cor tex back to the spinal cord to get back to the body. thalamus: relay station for visual, auditory and somatosensory information * The next part is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus controls all of our drives and tries to maintain homeostasis; homeostasis is an equilibrium at which our body functions best. hypothalamus: controls drives such as hunger, thirst and sex * The next structure is the hippocampus. * The hippocampus is very important in the processing of our short-term memories into long-term memories. * This is the part of the brain that is first attacked by the disease Alzheimer’s. * The hippocampus also helps us in facial recognition. hippocampus: stores short term memories and takes them to long term memories * The next part is the amygdala. The amygdala adds emotion to memory. * It also has a direct role in the formation of our memories. amygdala: holds emotion and emotion laden memories Located inside our frontal lobe are two areas that help in our speech produc tion: * The first is Broca’s area. For most people, all right-handed people, and most left-handed people, Broca’s area is located in the left hemisphere. Broca’s area: controls our ability to speak * This allows us to speak. It coordinates what we want to say with our tongues and our muscles. The next area is located a little bit behind Broca’s area more toward the temporal lobe is Werniche’s area. * Werniche’s area allows us to understand what is spoken to us. Werniche’s area: creates the understanding of written and spoken language Lateralization in Epilepsy Patient: * Patients with severe epilepsy have allowed us to discover another important concept about our brains. * To help severe epileptics when drugs failed, a dramatic operation was performed and it involved cutting the corpus callosum. Separating the hemispheres allows the seizures to be localized and not spread from hemisphere to the other. Split-brain patients learn that t he hemispheres will have distinct, different functions; this is called lateralization. Hemispheres: * The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body. * It also coordinates our language abilities because it has both Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area in it. * The left side is also the logical, rational brain and excels in such areas as science and math. left hemisphere: controls language, logic and sequential tasks * The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body. It excels in spatial abilities. * It is our artistic and musical part of our brain. It also has a function in detecting and emoting emotions. * In all but split-brain patients, we use all of our brains and both hemispheres since they communicate with each other. * The right hemisphere knows what is happening in the left hemisphere, and the left hemisphere knows what’s going on in the right hemisphere. right hemisphere: controls spatial-visual tasks, facial recognition and creativity Extr a Keywords (NEED TO KNOW THESE): * septum: controls and create rageful behavior * cerebrum: the largest part of the brain divided into two hemispheres How to cite The Brain Its Functions, Essay examples

Task Conflict Interact Improve Performance â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Task Conflict Interact Improve Performance? Answer: Introduction: A conflict among the team members is the topic that has been discussed since years. This is because when two and more members work together, the conflicts develops because of many reasons such as difference in thinking process, culture, beliefs etc. It has been analysed that difference in the people and their thinking process results in difference perception regarding the task conflicts. Thus, it becomes challenging for the management to manage such a situation. Task conflicts can be perceived as a positive factor in the team but it depends on the perception of the team members. It has been analysed that it depends on the team that how they perceive and take the conflicts rises and their perception results in either positive or negative impact of task conflicts on the team performance. It is the report that discusses about various aspects of task conflicts and their positive or negative impact on team performance. It focuses on three articles which have similar base topic that is tas k conflicts but have different discussions. The report initiates with the discussion of the various aspects from various articles and follows with the discussion of strengths and weaknesses of the same. The later part is all about the similarities and the differences in the articles along with the conclusion that has been observed by analysing all the articles. Skewed Task Conflicts in Teams: What Happens When a Few Members See More Conflict Than the Rest? In this article, the relationship between the skewed conflicts and the team performance has been discussed. It discusses about the positive impact on the skewed conflicts on the team performance but suggests that if there are other factors that affect the task conflicts such as relationship, emotional etc. then it may turn anther way and create negative impact on the team performance. The major strength of this research is that it provides the specific information about the pattern of conflict perceptions. This study of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) deals with two studies, the first study includes the investigation of the impact of positive skewed task conflicts on the performance of the team. The investigation has been conducted on the teams of the MBA students in the business schools of India that are on top. The second study at the same time deals with organizational teams. In this, the investigation has been conducted on the ra tings of the supervisor and the impact of positive skewed conflicts on the same. It has been argued in the research of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) that only the task conflicts have positive impact of the team performance but if they are interfered with some other conflicts such as relationship conflicts or any other conflicts then it twisted to different direction and the positive relationship between the task conflicts and the performance deviates. Reflective communications is also another aspect that has been integrated with the task conflicts and studied deeply in this study. The regression analysis approach has been used to determine the results of the study but there is a weakness in the study that deals with the minority members who think that the task conflicts exist. The personality of those members also needs to be analysed to get appropriate results. Reaping the Benefits of Task Conflict in Teams: The Critical Role of Team Psychological Safety Climate This article is also based on the study of task conflicts and their positive impact on the performance of the team but it focuses mainly on the conditions in which the task conflicts have positive impact on the team performance. Various contextual factors and their impact on task conflict and performance relationship has been studied by project teams. One of the factors that have been found by Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012) that have a great impact on the task conflict and performance relation is the psychological safety. Psychological safety had been suggested as the common beliefs of the team members that their team is safe to take all the risk coming to them. The article argues that if the team have high psychological safety in them then they can easily handle the conflicts that have been generated in the team and thus creatively the decisions are being made that enhances the performance of the team. The variables that have been rested in the research are team performance, task conflicts and the psychological safety among the team members. The only weakness that has been identified in the research is that the sample that has been used for the research. The research studies the students who are undergraduates and which may restrict generalization of the research as undergraduate students cannot represents the whole population clearly. Ready to Rumble: How Team Personality Composition and Task Conflict Interact to Improve Performance This article focuses on the concept of personality in the relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. It has been investigated in the report that how the characteristics of the team members affect the task conflict in the team and their impact on the performance. The investigation has been conducted on 177 project teams. There are two goals of this study, the first deal with the studying of theoretical aspects of the composition of personality characteristics and the other one deals with the how the team composition can later and modify the relationship of task conflicts with the team performance. Two major factors of personality that is openness to experience and emotional stability of the team members have been considered in order to identify the impact of the contextual factors on the task conflicts. The weakness of this report that is conducted by Bradley, B. H., Klotz, A. C., Postlethwaite, B. E., Brown, K. G. (2013) is that the sample that has been taken is undergraduates. This is not the appropriate sample to be taken. It has been analysed that another weakness of the research is that other big personality traits are not being considered in the study such as extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The elements that are considered to be measure in the report are task conflicts, team performance, openness to experience and emotional stability. Comparison All the articles that have been studied above have the same basic concepts. It has been analysed that the study of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) discusses about the skewed task conflicts and the positive impact of the same on the performance of the team. The major aspect that has been considered is related to the members who look task conflicts as conflicts and the other members if the same team do not consider the conflicts as conflicts. The perception of the members of the team is the major aspect that deviates the positive impact of task conflicts o the performance of the team. As far as the article of Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012) is considered, it has been analysed that again the relationship of the task conflicts and the team performance has been assessed but now the aspect that is associated with the research is different. The aspect is psychological safety of the te am members. Likewise, the 3 article is about the personality characteristics of the members of the team as the major aspect that has its impact on the task conflicts and the performance of the team. Out of those big five traits of the personality traits of them are using considered in the study. It has been identified that all the three authors have argues about the same concept but there are some variation in terms of the study and the factors that affects the task conflicts. As far as the differences in the studies are considered, it has been analysed that businesses are considered as the sample for studying in the article of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) while the other two authors have confided undergraduates for the study. Undergraduates cannot be taken as the appropriate sample as they des not represents the whole population properly. It has been concluded from the article of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conl on, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) that skewness in the task conflicts have positive impact on the team outcomes. Any deviation in the task conflicts or the involvement of any other factors such as relationship conflicts can affect the positivity of the impact. In the article of Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012), it has been concluded that the task conflicts and the team performance are affected by the condition and the mentality of the team members. The major condition that has its impact on the task conflicts and the team performance is psychological safety. The last one concludes that personality and the characteristic of the team members is the reason of variations in the relationship between the task conflicts and the performance of the team. Conclusion: It has been concluded from this study that task conflicts can be defined as the conflicts that are generated in the team because of the disagreements in the ideas of the people working in a team related to the task that needs to be performed. It has been analysed from the study that task conflicts among the team members affect the performance of the team in positive manner. However, it should be ensured that no other associated factors have interference in the same. This is because of any of the conflicts such as relationship and cultural conflicts generates that it may deviate the positivity and the team outcomes. There are relatively many factors that affect the generation of the task conflicts and the relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. It has been analysed that the conditions at the workplace and the mind-set of the team members is also important in order to have the positive relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. This is b ecause of the team members are ready to the risks positively then they will take decision creatively and with mutual concern which definitely enhances the performance of the team at the end. Along with the conditions and the perception of the people, it depends in the personality of the members as well that whether they will take the conflict as the positive condition for the team performance or as the negative aspect. The big five traits needs to be examined to identify the personality factors that affect the task conflicts. Recommendations: It has been recommended that some future research should be conducted in terms of analysing more factors that affect the task conflicts and the team performance of the teams. It has been analysed that team performance is very important for the organizations thus the research should be conducted in the organizational teams so that the results can be effective and can be used by the companies to take the decision over the team making. It has also been recommended that the research should be conducted under the different circumstances and contingencies so that the effect of various conditional factors and the workplace situations can also be studied as these factors may affect the team working and the task conflicts that can be generated in the team at the time of their processing. References: Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016). Skewed task conflicts in teams: What happens when a few members see more conflict than the rest?.Journal of Applied Psychology,101(7), 1045. Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012). Reaping the benefits of task conflict in teams: the critical role of team psychological safety climate.Journal of Applied Psychology,97(1), 151. Bradley, B. H., Klotz, A. C., Postlethwaite, B. E., Brown, K. G. (2013). Ready to rumble: how team personality composition and task conflict interact to improve performance.Journal of Applied Psychology,98(2), 385.