Cultural Differences Between Australia And Sri Lanka Essay

THE INDIVIDUAL REPORT Cultural Differences Between Australia and Sri Lanka Hofstede s cultural dimensions theory (POWER DISTANCE) Student Name : Dinusha Thilakaratne Student ID No : 101322462 Teachers Name : Shirley Robinson Date : 11.11.2016 Introduction The key purpose behind this report is to decide the significance of Hofstede s dimensions and to set up the attributes of the two countries under thought in connection to Hofstede social model. It is likewise expected to give significant data in the wake of an Australian company opening another branch in Sri Lanka. This report briefly discusses the strengths and the weaknesses that the company has and the solutions need to be taken in order to achieve the global market. The two countries are comparing to each other by one of the Hofstede s dimensions which is â€Å"Power Distance†. What is Business Culture? Culture is a main part in a business and it has a huge power on the intentional way of business. Culture effects management for decision making and all other business purposes from production to accounting. The business culture defines as the ethics and actions that donate to the exclusive social and also physical environment of the organization. Furthermore the business culture can be defined as an evolving traditional of combined beliefs, standards and attitudes. Culture is a main section in an organization and it has a huge effect onShow MoreRelatedCultural Differences Between Australia And Sri Lanka Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Differences Between Australia and Sri Lanka Student Name : Dinusha Thilakaratne Student ID No : 101322462 Teachers Name : Shirley Robinson Date : 11.11.2016 THE INDIVIDUAL REPORT â€Æ' Introduction The key purpose behind this report is to decide the significance of Hofstede s dimensions and to set up the attributes of the two countries under thought in connection to Hofstede social model. And also this report includes description andRead MorePower Distance And Organization Performance1299 Words   |  6 Pages POWER DISTANCE AND ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE IN SRI LANKA The term of power distance was used as far as know for first time in 1960s by Dutch social psychologist Maccalder, he did experiment with individual and he gave difference power relationship. 1970s Hofstede was barrowed term of power distance and described difference between national societies (10 Minutes with Geert Hofstede 2014). The dimension of power distance can be defined as the degree of inequality among people which the populationRead MoreLearning Experience : A Multi Disciplinary Study Tour2196 Words   |  9 Pagesprovided me with the opportunity to have multiple educational and confronting experiences that would otherwise be difficult to experience in Australia through a textbook. 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It plays a great role in uniting and celebrating the differences and recognising the similarities of the religions, as well as appreciating the uniqueness of the various religions. Ecumenism and interfaith dialogue have been an important feature due to a range of reasons including the abolishment of the White Australia Policy, the arrival of mass migration after WWIIRead MoreDoing Business in the Asia/Pacific Rim Region31325 Words   |  126 PagesSTATE CAPITAL GROUP ASIA/PACIFIC RIM MEMBER FIRMS AUSTRALIA (MELBOURNE) Hall Wilcox AUSTRALIA (SYDNEY) Holman Webb Level 30 Bourke Place 600 Bourke Street Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Australia +(61-3) 9603-3555 PHONE +(61-3) 9670-9632 FAX www.hallandwilcox.com.au Contact Attorney: Mark Dunphy mark.dunphy@hallandwilcox.com.au CHINA (HONG KONG) Level 17 Angel Place 123 Pitt Street, GPO Box 119 Sydney, New South Wales DX 233 Australia +(61-2) 9390-8000 PHONE +(61-2) 9390-8390 FAX www.holmanwebb

The Brain Its Functions Free Essays

Opening Notes: * Interest and research in the brain is at an all-time pace The cure for some common diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Multiple Sclerosis has accelerated the efforts of many scientists * Many of the names for the parts of the brain have come from Latin and Greek words * The easiest way to learn about the brain is to look at it as three divisions; the hindbrain, the midbrain and the forebrain * Modern imaging has allowed us to study the brain and locate where important functions are occurring * Functions do not happen in just one area of the brain Many neural layers and areas are found in any one activity that happens. * Some areas do appear to be predominantly involved in certain functions. The hindbrain: * The hindbrain is located where the spinal cord goes into the cranium * The first area that we see if the medulla. We will write a custom essay sample on The Brain Its Functions or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is the swelling at the tip of the spinal cord. * It is concerned with all of our automatic functioning, such as breathing, heart rate and swallowing medulla: controls all involuntary responses * reticular formation: regulates sleep and wakefulness reticular formation: regulates sleep and wakefulness Inside the medulla is the reticulum activation system It is concerned with arousal, attention and sleep * The second part of the hindbrain that we see is the cerebellum Is sometimes called the small brain cerebellum: controls coordinated motor activity e. g when you first learn to ride a bike, you have to think about everything you do. After you learn to ride a bike, it becomes totally automatic, and that is because of the cerebellum * The next part that we see is the pons Pons means bridge in Greek and that’s exactly what the pons is * It is a bridge taking in all of our sensory information and taking it to the cortex to be interpreted. pons: the bridge from brainstem to cortex The midbrain: * The midbrain takes all of the incoming neural information and channels it to the correct part of the cortex to be interpreted. * It is also involved in muscle tone and helps in sleep, wakefulness and attention. The forebrain: * It is the most complicated part of the brain, and it is what separates us as human beings from other animals. When we first look inside the skull, what we see is the cerebrum. * The cerebrum is composed of two parts called hemispheres; the right side and the left side * The outer covering of the cerebrum is called the cortex * It is made up of what is called convolutions – the worm-like structures that you see when you look at the brain convolutions: folds in the brain that store memories * We can look at the cortex in anoth er way and divide the cortex into four sections called lobes; function of the lobe is to interpret information coming in from our senses cortex: surface layer of brain Lobes: * Located in the back of the head is the occipital lobe. * The occipital lobe processes visual information, or what we see. occipital lobe: interprets visual information * Coming to the top of the head is the parietal lobe. * The parietal lobe processes information on pain, touch, temperature and pressure parietal lobe: interprets temperature, pain, pressure and touch * Located on the sides of our head, right above our ears, are the temporal lobes. * The temporal lobes process auditory information, emotion, and have a part in memory temporal lobe: interprets auditory information Located right above our forehead is our frontal lobe; it is the largest part of the cortex and the part of our brain that makes us human. * It is involved in speech production, logical and rational thought, and has the ability to understand and plan the future. frontal lobe: controls speaking, thought and future planning * There are two areas behind the frontal lobe. * The first one is the motor cortex and it interprets our muscular sensations. motor cortex: controls voluntary movements Right behind it is the sensory cortex and it is the part of the cortex that tries to coordinate all of the information coming in from all of our senses. sensory cortex: processes body sensations Inside of the cerebrum is the limbic system: * The limbic system is a primitive part of the cerebral cortex. It is made up of several parts that have a function in the everyday working of the brain * The first part is the corpus callosum. corpus callosum: connects the hemispheres of the brain * It is a band of nerve fibers that hold the right and left hemisphere together. It allows the right side of our brain to know what the left side is doing, and the left side to know what the right side is doing. * The second structure is the thalamus. The thalamus is sort of a relay center of the brain. * It takes in all of the sensory information and takes it to the cortex to be interpreted, and takes it from the cor tex back to the spinal cord to get back to the body. thalamus: relay station for visual, auditory and somatosensory information * The next part is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus controls all of our drives and tries to maintain homeostasis; homeostasis is an equilibrium at which our body functions best. hypothalamus: controls drives such as hunger, thirst and sex * The next structure is the hippocampus. * The hippocampus is very important in the processing of our short-term memories into long-term memories. * This is the part of the brain that is first attacked by the disease Alzheimer’s. * The hippocampus also helps us in facial recognition. hippocampus: stores short term memories and takes them to long term memories * The next part is the amygdala. The amygdala adds emotion to memory. * It also has a direct role in the formation of our memories. amygdala: holds emotion and emotion laden memories Located inside our frontal lobe are two areas that help in our speech produc tion: * The first is Broca’s area. For most people, all right-handed people, and most left-handed people, Broca’s area is located in the left hemisphere. Broca’s area: controls our ability to speak * This allows us to speak. It coordinates what we want to say with our tongues and our muscles. The next area is located a little bit behind Broca’s area more toward the temporal lobe is Werniche’s area. * Werniche’s area allows us to understand what is spoken to us. Werniche’s area: creates the understanding of written and spoken language Lateralization in Epilepsy Patient: * Patients with severe epilepsy have allowed us to discover another important concept about our brains. * To help severe epileptics when drugs failed, a dramatic operation was performed and it involved cutting the corpus callosum. Separating the hemispheres allows the seizures to be localized and not spread from hemisphere to the other. Split-brain patients learn that t he hemispheres will have distinct, different functions; this is called lateralization. Hemispheres: * The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body. * It also coordinates our language abilities because it has both Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area in it. * The left side is also the logical, rational brain and excels in such areas as science and math. left hemisphere: controls language, logic and sequential tasks * The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body. It excels in spatial abilities. * It is our artistic and musical part of our brain. It also has a function in detecting and emoting emotions. * In all but split-brain patients, we use all of our brains and both hemispheres since they communicate with each other. * The right hemisphere knows what is happening in the left hemisphere, and the left hemisphere knows what’s going on in the right hemisphere. right hemisphere: controls spatial-visual tasks, facial recognition and creativity Extr a Keywords (NEED TO KNOW THESE): * septum: controls and create rageful behavior * cerebrum: the largest part of the brain divided into two hemispheres How to cite The Brain Its Functions, Essay examples

Task Conflict Interact Improve Performance â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Task Conflict Interact Improve Performance? Answer: Introduction: A conflict among the team members is the topic that has been discussed since years. This is because when two and more members work together, the conflicts develops because of many reasons such as difference in thinking process, culture, beliefs etc. It has been analysed that difference in the people and their thinking process results in difference perception regarding the task conflicts. Thus, it becomes challenging for the management to manage such a situation. Task conflicts can be perceived as a positive factor in the team but it depends on the perception of the team members. It has been analysed that it depends on the team that how they perceive and take the conflicts rises and their perception results in either positive or negative impact of task conflicts on the team performance. It is the report that discusses about various aspects of task conflicts and their positive or negative impact on team performance. It focuses on three articles which have similar base topic that is tas k conflicts but have different discussions. The report initiates with the discussion of the various aspects from various articles and follows with the discussion of strengths and weaknesses of the same. The later part is all about the similarities and the differences in the articles along with the conclusion that has been observed by analysing all the articles. Skewed Task Conflicts in Teams: What Happens When a Few Members See More Conflict Than the Rest? In this article, the relationship between the skewed conflicts and the team performance has been discussed. It discusses about the positive impact on the skewed conflicts on the team performance but suggests that if there are other factors that affect the task conflicts such as relationship, emotional etc. then it may turn anther way and create negative impact on the team performance. The major strength of this research is that it provides the specific information about the pattern of conflict perceptions. This study of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) deals with two studies, the first study includes the investigation of the impact of positive skewed task conflicts on the performance of the team. The investigation has been conducted on the teams of the MBA students in the business schools of India that are on top. The second study at the same time deals with organizational teams. In this, the investigation has been conducted on the ra tings of the supervisor and the impact of positive skewed conflicts on the same. It has been argued in the research of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) that only the task conflicts have positive impact of the team performance but if they are interfered with some other conflicts such as relationship conflicts or any other conflicts then it twisted to different direction and the positive relationship between the task conflicts and the performance deviates. Reflective communications is also another aspect that has been integrated with the task conflicts and studied deeply in this study. The regression analysis approach has been used to determine the results of the study but there is a weakness in the study that deals with the minority members who think that the task conflicts exist. The personality of those members also needs to be analysed to get appropriate results. Reaping the Benefits of Task Conflict in Teams: The Critical Role of Team Psychological Safety Climate This article is also based on the study of task conflicts and their positive impact on the performance of the team but it focuses mainly on the conditions in which the task conflicts have positive impact on the team performance. Various contextual factors and their impact on task conflict and performance relationship has been studied by project teams. One of the factors that have been found by Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012) that have a great impact on the task conflict and performance relation is the psychological safety. Psychological safety had been suggested as the common beliefs of the team members that their team is safe to take all the risk coming to them. The article argues that if the team have high psychological safety in them then they can easily handle the conflicts that have been generated in the team and thus creatively the decisions are being made that enhances the performance of the team. The variables that have been rested in the research are team performance, task conflicts and the psychological safety among the team members. The only weakness that has been identified in the research is that the sample that has been used for the research. The research studies the students who are undergraduates and which may restrict generalization of the research as undergraduate students cannot represents the whole population clearly. Ready to Rumble: How Team Personality Composition and Task Conflict Interact to Improve Performance This article focuses on the concept of personality in the relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. It has been investigated in the report that how the characteristics of the team members affect the task conflict in the team and their impact on the performance. The investigation has been conducted on 177 project teams. There are two goals of this study, the first deal with the studying of theoretical aspects of the composition of personality characteristics and the other one deals with the how the team composition can later and modify the relationship of task conflicts with the team performance. Two major factors of personality that is openness to experience and emotional stability of the team members have been considered in order to identify the impact of the contextual factors on the task conflicts. The weakness of this report that is conducted by Bradley, B. H., Klotz, A. C., Postlethwaite, B. E., Brown, K. G. (2013) is that the sample that has been taken is undergraduates. This is not the appropriate sample to be taken. It has been analysed that another weakness of the research is that other big personality traits are not being considered in the study such as extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The elements that are considered to be measure in the report are task conflicts, team performance, openness to experience and emotional stability. Comparison All the articles that have been studied above have the same basic concepts. It has been analysed that the study of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) discusses about the skewed task conflicts and the positive impact of the same on the performance of the team. The major aspect that has been considered is related to the members who look task conflicts as conflicts and the other members if the same team do not consider the conflicts as conflicts. The perception of the members of the team is the major aspect that deviates the positive impact of task conflicts o the performance of the team. As far as the article of Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012) is considered, it has been analysed that again the relationship of the task conflicts and the team performance has been assessed but now the aspect that is associated with the research is different. The aspect is psychological safety of the te am members. Likewise, the 3 article is about the personality characteristics of the members of the team as the major aspect that has its impact on the task conflicts and the performance of the team. Out of those big five traits of the personality traits of them are using considered in the study. It has been identified that all the three authors have argues about the same concept but there are some variation in terms of the study and the factors that affects the task conflicts. As far as the differences in the studies are considered, it has been analysed that businesses are considered as the sample for studying in the article of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) while the other two authors have confided undergraduates for the study. Undergraduates cannot be taken as the appropriate sample as they des not represents the whole population properly. It has been concluded from the article of Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conl on, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016) that skewness in the task conflicts have positive impact on the team outcomes. Any deviation in the task conflicts or the involvement of any other factors such as relationship conflicts can affect the positivity of the impact. In the article of Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012), it has been concluded that the task conflicts and the team performance are affected by the condition and the mentality of the team members. The major condition that has its impact on the task conflicts and the team performance is psychological safety. The last one concludes that personality and the characteristic of the team members is the reason of variations in the relationship between the task conflicts and the performance of the team. Conclusion: It has been concluded from this study that task conflicts can be defined as the conflicts that are generated in the team because of the disagreements in the ideas of the people working in a team related to the task that needs to be performed. It has been analysed from the study that task conflicts among the team members affect the performance of the team in positive manner. However, it should be ensured that no other associated factors have interference in the same. This is because of any of the conflicts such as relationship and cultural conflicts generates that it may deviate the positivity and the team outcomes. There are relatively many factors that affect the generation of the task conflicts and the relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. It has been analysed that the conditions at the workplace and the mind-set of the team members is also important in order to have the positive relationship between the task conflicts and the team performance. This is b ecause of the team members are ready to the risks positively then they will take decision creatively and with mutual concern which definitely enhances the performance of the team at the end. Along with the conditions and the perception of the people, it depends in the personality of the members as well that whether they will take the conflict as the positive condition for the team performance or as the negative aspect. The big five traits needs to be examined to identify the personality factors that affect the task conflicts. Recommendations: It has been recommended that some future research should be conducted in terms of analysing more factors that affect the task conflicts and the team performance of the teams. It has been analysed that team performance is very important for the organizations thus the research should be conducted in the organizational teams so that the results can be effective and can be used by the companies to take the decision over the team making. It has also been recommended that the research should be conducted under the different circumstances and contingencies so that the effect of various conditional factors and the workplace situations can also be studied as these factors may affect the team working and the task conflicts that can be generated in the team at the time of their processing. References: Sinha, R., Janardhanan, N. S., Greer, L. L., Conlon, D. E., Edwards, J. R. (2016). Skewed task conflicts in teams: What happens when a few members see more conflict than the rest?.Journal of Applied Psychology,101(7), 1045. Bradley, B. H., Postlethwaite, B. E., Klotz, A. C., Hamdani, M. R., Brown, K. G. (2012). Reaping the benefits of task conflict in teams: the critical role of team psychological safety climate.Journal of Applied Psychology,97(1), 151. Bradley, B. H., Klotz, A. C., Postlethwaite, B. E., Brown, K. G. (2013). Ready to rumble: how team personality composition and task conflict interact to improve performance.Journal of Applied Psychology,98(2), 385.

Marketing Mix of Ecstasy Essay Example

Marketing Mix of Ecstasy Paper INTRODUCTION This is a report about the marketing 7ps issues of one of the leading fashion houses of Bangladesh, Ecstasy Fashion. This company is very famous for its superb quality men’s wear. Quality is the first priority of Ecstasy Fashion. From the begging to the end of this report, we have sort out how a company can be successful by performing 7ps marketing activity from the very beginning. HISTORY OF CATS EYE Ecstasy Fashion Accessories, Inc. started its operations in 1983, exporting fashion jewellery and accessories. With a solid background of 20 years in the field of fashion jewellery manufacturing, the company with 50 employees and 82 subcontractors is looking forward to a steady growth; especially in the European markets. Well the small company Ecstasy Fashion started its business with one outlet only. Now they have around thirty one branches in the major cities of Bangladesh such as Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet, Khulna etc. In this way the journey of Ecstasy Fashion started and now they are one of the highly appreciable, profitable RMG Company of Bangladesh. Ecstasy Fashion is very conscious about its reputation status thus we can see the reflection of status in its highly interior showrooms with highly trained salespeople. Their focus is to satisfy their customer and their target market actually covers different age groups especially from teen age to onwards. MISSION VISION OF ECSTASY FASHION The mission statement of Ecstasy Fashion is â€Å"To be the most popular and trusted Men’s wear Brand manufacturer and retailer of the country. † We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Ecstasy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Ecstasy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix of Ecstasy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Goals and Objectives of Ecstasy Fashion are: From the inception the goal is to create a style statement that suits the discerning individual, while keeping a stringent eye on quality yet being affordable. The unique styles are created based on years of experience and keeping up with global trends that have placed our brands as the leaders in the market. Moreover we want internationally recognition. That’s why we are working hard to meet the quality standard of the international market. We are focused on high productivity, team orientation creativity. MARKETING MIX OF Ecstasy Fashion Marketing mix is the full combination of 7P’s (Product, Place, Price, Promotion, People, Process, Physical environment). Ecstasy Fashion does all the activities (manufacturing, sales, and distribution) by themselves. Here is the marketing mix of Ecstasy Fashion: 1. Product In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need. In retailing, products are called merchandise. Ecstasy Fashion produces different types of products for men. They have their own production house in Narayanganj. They have no distributor or retailer. They don’t sell in wholesale. What they do is that after production, directly by their own transportation vehicle they send their products to their showrooms. Because of no supply chain, they can keep their products price reasonable. Another important thing is that they don’t store inventory. Ecstasy Fashion purchases their product material from China, Malaysia Bangkok mostly. They also use Bangladeshi materials for production. Product Categories: ? Shirts ? T-Shirts ? Blazers ? Polo T-Shirts ? Belts ? Trousers ? Ties ? Jeans ? Seasonal Dresses (Winter Collection, Summer Collection etc. ) 2. Price The sum or amount of money at which a thing is valued, or the value which a seller sets on his goods in market; that for which something is bought or sold, or offered for sale; equivalent in money or other means of exchange; current value or rate paid or demanded in market or in barter; cost. It is the motto of Ecstasy Fashion to increase its market growth as possible while protecting the captured market share. Ecstasy Fashion believes that customer loyalty is needed to remain profitable. Ecstasy Fashion sets their price considering their mark-up price, perceived value price by the customers competition based price. They always charge effective pricing to beat their competitors. They have different price level to meet the need of different income people. Price ranges: |Shirts |550-1400 TK. |Trousers |850-1400 TK | |Blazers |4000-6500 TK | |Belts |450-1000 TK | |Ties |400-950 TK | |T-Shirts |250-800 TK | |Jeans |850-1500 TK | |Seasonal Dresses |Not Fixed | 3. Place Any portion of space regarded as measured off or distinct from all other space, or appropriated to some definite object or use; position; ground; site; spot; rarely, unbounded space. Ecstasy Fashion has Thirty one outlets n Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet to sell their products. They are planning to establish more ou tlets so that customers can easily buy their products from convenient location. 4. Promotion Promotion is communicating with the public in an attempt to influence them toward buying your products and/or services. Ecstasy Fashion does its promotional activity by using billboards, magazines and newspapers to reveal their ads. Especially this year they are arranging special discounts for their customers and own composed CD’s for their customer’s conveniences so that customers can know in details about their organization. They believe discount is an effective method to create customer interest. Other promotional activities they perform are sponsoring fashion shows, free t-shirt campaign etc. 5. People Ecstasy Fashion using good and well stuff. They are providing good salary and taking well skill stuff for good service. They also trained them to how to interact with customer? Ecstasy has sixty seven employees in showroom and behind the showroom fifty people like transportation etc. 6. Process In Ecstasy there process is well then others. Ecstasy process system fast like when customer in showroom they are always ready to provide the service quickly. When customer needs to change the size they collect from stock. Everything is in display. Sold cloths not refund. Trail room here checks the cloth for customer. 7. Physical Environment Where is the service being delivered? Showroom is well decorated in Ecstasy Fashion. Here customer can get cloths and other using product easily. They always using well smell spray in there showroom for attracting the customer. They have also changing room well. Recommendations 1. Ecstasy has good quality in there cloths but here is little higher price then others. It may be the burden for their potential or actual customer. So they should profit there margin and not in quality and also think about their higher price 2. They open showroom now in three divisions. They should cover others divisions. 3. Ecstasy complaining system is not good. Sometime there product may be failed in provide customer satisfaction. They should think about it. 4. Ecstasy provides all the new collection news in internet. That’s why few people miss the collection. They should use newspaper and billboard for giving more information about there collection. Conclusion In report we focused the 7ps marketing of Ecstasy Fashion ltd. This report is only based on marketing mixed. All data Collected from Internet and that are very recent. The study group tried our best to complete this report. BIBLIOGRAPHY www. ecstacyfashion. com www. lifestyle. com [pic]

Music in multicultural america essays

Music in multicultural america essays On Wednesday and Thursday of July 14th and 15th the Music in Multicultrural America class gave presentations on topics of their choosing to illustrate the diversity of music in this country stemming from the cultures of those around the world and the originality of our own music and cultures here in the United States The first group to present their project on Wednesday July 14th, was Group 3. Group 3s project was named Talent vs. Image- The Making of Stars in the Music Industry. The presentation started with a power point presentation. Elvis was mentioned first, discussion not only his talent but the fact that he was made out to appear attractive to Americas youth by selling his image through TV and his movies. This was said to stem from Vaudville theatre, where the talent was not only expected, but also an image and visual show. As another member of the group continued, this image was continued through other groups and people. This is exemplified by American Bandstand and how the performers never actually sang, but would pretend to so they could enhance their visual show. The final example was MTVs appearance in the early 1980s. Group 4s presentation, Evolution of Rock and Roll was done through a series of powerpoint and audio presentations. The groups started again with Elvis Presley and Buddy Holly, and how they influence early rock and roll in the 1950s. How the sound was different than that of early country, jazz and music of the crooners of the earlier decades. The next era was the 1960s were folk music, singer song writer music was made popular and the British Invasion and the discovery of the Beatles. This sound innovated Rock and Roll to a closer sound to what we listen to more often today. The 1970s brought on the sound of classic rock and heavier metal such as groups like The Who, Aerosmith, Led Zeplin, and AC/DC. This music change segued into the 1980s whe...

What Is the PSAT Test Everything You Need to Know

What Is the PSAT Test Everything You Need to Know SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Most students know what the SAT is,but what is the PSAT? Sure, it's got"SAT" in its name, but is the PSAT actually connected to the SAT? More importantly, how does the PSAT test work and what is its purpose? In this article,we’ll answer your most pressingquestion: what is thePSAT test?We'll start by explaining the meaning of PSAT and whystudents typically elect to take it. We'll then go over the logistics of the test and how PSAT scoring works. Finally, we'll finish with a brief discussion about how important PSAT scores actually are for students. What Is the PSAT? How Is It Connected to the SAT? To start, what is the PSAT test? Cosponsored by the College Board and National Merit Scholarship Corporation (NMSC), the Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test (NMSQT)- often shortened to PSAT- is a standardized testtargeting 10th and 11th graders in the US. Every year, approximately3.5 million students take the PSAT test at various high schools. But why take it at all? As it stands, the PSAT is heavily connected to the SAT.One of the test's primary purposes is to act as a precursor to the SAT- as the name suggests, as an SAT practice test. Thus, thePSAT and SAT heavilymirror each other in regard tocontent, structure, and even scoring. But the two tests aren't identical. Here are some majordifferences between the PSAT and SAT: The SAT hasan optional Essay section, whereas the PSAT does not The PSAT is slightly easier than the SAT There are fewer questions on the PSAT than there are on the SAT Now, let's jump back to the"NMSQT" part of the full PSAT name. In addition to being a preparatory test for the SAT, the PSAT is a qualifying test for the National Merit Scholarship Program. In other words, PSAT scores determine students' eligibility for National Merit scholarships.Each year the top 1% of 11th-grade PSAT takers becomeSemifinalists. Of these, about 7,500 go on to win scholarship money. Finally, what about the PSAT 10 and PSAT 8/9? The main purpose of these two tests is to prepare students for the PSAT/NMSQT and eventually the SAT. Nearly identical to the PSAT/NMSQT, the PSAT 10 is only offered in the spring and is specifically geared toward 10th graders. As a result,the PSAT 10 is slightly easier than the PSAT/NMSQT. Additionally, because only 10th graders can take the PSAT 10, this test cannotqualify you for National Merit. The PSAT 8/9, on the other hand, targets even younger folks- you guessed it: 8th and 9th graders- and is administeredin the fall and spring. Unlike both the PSAT 10 and PSAT/NMSQT, the PSAT 8/9 uses a different scoring scale and is both shorter and easier than the PSAT 10. Why Do Students Take the PSAT? 10th and 11th graders take the PSAT primarily forthe following three reasons: To practice for the SAT:One of the most common reasons students, especially juniors, take the PSAT is to get familiar with the layout and content of the SAT, which is often required for college admission. The PSAT provides students with the opportunity to get a feel for the SAT, and helps them identify potential strengths and weaknesses. To secure a National Merit distinction or scholarship:The other major reason students take the PSAT is to try to win a National Merit scholarship. Each year about 1.6 million juniors enter the National Merit competition viathe PSAT. Of these test takers 16,000 will become Semifinalists, and of these Semifinalists 15,000 will become Finalists. In the end,7,500 entrants will each win a $2,500 scholarship along with the (extremely prestigious) distinction of National Merit Scholar. To prepare for a second attempt at the PSAT (if taking it as a sophomore): The final reason students take the PSAT is to practice for the PSAT as sophomores before taking it again as juniors. Although sophomores aren’t eligible for National Merit,taking the PSAT earlycanincrease your shot at getting a high PSAT score- and a coveted National Merit scholarship- later on. One thing should be noted, though: at some high schools, the PSAT is mandatory for certain grade levels or groups of students. This means that some studentswill take the PSAT simply because they have to. Even if the test is required by your school, your PSAT score will never affect your GPA or your chance of getting into college. Bonus: Aiming for a National Merit Scholarship? If you're not sure you can self-study your way to a qualifying PSAT score, you'll love our PSAT prep program, PrepScholar. We designed our program to learn your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics and customize your prep to be as effective as possible for you. When you start with PrepScholar, you’ll take a diagnostic that will determine your weaknesses in over forty PSAT skills. PrepScholar then creates a study program specifically customized for you. To improve each skill, you’ll take focused lessons dedicated to each skill, with over 20 practice questions per skill. This will train you for your specific area weaknesses, so your time is always spent most effectively to raise your score. We also force you to focus on understanding your mistakes and learning from them. If you make the same mistake over and over again, we'll call you out on it. There’s no other prep system out there that does it this way, which is why we get better score results than any other program on the market. Check it out today with a 5-day free trial: Where and When Is the PSAT? Unlike the SAT, you do notget to choose your test center; rather, you register for and take the PSAT test at your own high school (or a nearbyschool, should your school not offer it). If you’re uncertain whether your school will be administering the PSAT, or if you'd like to look for a list of schools in your area that will be administering it, use the College Board’s school search tool. Sowhen can you take the PSAT? The PSAT is administered every autumn, usually starting in early or mid-October, on three dates: A primary date A Saturday date An alternate date Again, you donot get to choose when you take the test. Instead, your school will decide on which date it will administer the PSAT. By far the vast majority of schools hold the PSATon the primary date. To confirmyour school's PSAT test date, consult your counselor. Here is the anticipated 2019 official PSAT testing schedule: Primary Date Saturday Date Alternate Date Wednesday, October 16, 2019 Saturday, October 19, 2019 Wednesday, October 30, 2019 Source: The College Board How Much Does the PSAT Cost? The PSAT costs $16, butthis price varies depending on the school. Some schools might cover all or part of this fee, making the test free for students, whereas others might require students to pay more so asto compensate for the hiring of test proctors. Your school (or the school at which you're taking the PSAT test) should give youinstructions on how to pay for the testand by when you'll need to submit your payment. Most schools request PSAT payments from students by around September. Note that you will neverneed to pay the College Board directly (that’s theschool’s job!). If you can’t afford the test fee, you might be eligible for a PSAT fee waiver. Feewaivers are typically available to low-income 11th graders only. To see whether you qualify for a waiver, consult your counselor. Only schools- not students- can request fee waivers from the College Board. What Does the PSAT Cover? The PSAT, which underwent a redesign in 2015 to accompany the 2016 SAT redesign, is extremely similar to the SAT in bothform and content. There are three sections on the PSAT: Reading, Writing and Language (hereafter "Writing"), and Math. (AsI mentioned, there's no optional Essay section on the PSAT.)Each section appears only once on the PSAT in a predetermined order: (1) Reading, (2) Writing, and (3) Math. Similar to theSAT, the PSAT Math section consists of two subsections: a No Calculator subsection on which you may not use a calculator, and a Calculator subsection on which you may use a (pre-approved) calculator. Most questions on the PSAT are multiple choice. The only exceptions are the Math section's grid-in questions. For these questions, you must come up with and write in your own answers. According to the College Board, 17% of PSAT Math, oreight questions, are grid-ins. Belowis the general breakdown of the PSAT. You can see when eachsection appears on the test, how much time you’ll havefor each section, and how many questions there are.Foran even better idea of what’ll be on the PSAT, I suggest looking atanofficial PSAT practice test. PSAT Section Order on Test Time Allotted # of Questions Reading 1 60 mins 47 Writing and Language 2 35 mins 44 Math No Calculator 3 25 mins 17 Math Calculator 4 45 mins 31 How Is the PSAT Scored? The total PSAT score range is 320-1520 in 10-point increments.This score consists of your Math score and your Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score, both of which are scored on a scale of160-760.(EBRW is a combination of the Reading and Writing sections.) These two section scores are actually your scaled, or equated, scores.Buthow do you getthese scores? On the PSAT, you start off with three raw scores, one each for Reading, Writing, and Math.A raw score is equal tothe number of questions you answered correctly. You do not lose any points for incorrect answers! Your raw scores for each section are then converted into test scores on a scale of 8-38through a special equating process described in our guide to PSAT scoring. It should also be noted here that thesetest scores, when combined and multiplied by 2, give you yourSelection Index score, which the NMSC uses to determine eligibility for the National Merit competition. Your Math test score is multiplied by 20 to give you a scaled Math score out of 760. Similarly, your Reading and Writing scores are combined and multiplied by 10 to give you a single scaled EBRW score (also out of 760). In addition to section scores, you’ll be givensubscores and cross-test scores. These scores are the same as those on the SAT and indicate your mastery of specific skills. Subscores have a score range of1-15,whereas cross-test scores have a score range of8-38. Here is a list of the sevensubscores on the PSAT test: EBRW Command of Evidence Words in Context Expression of Ideas Standard English Conventions Math Heart of Algebra Problem Solving and Data Analysis Passport to Advanced Math And here are the twocross-test scores on the PSAT: Analysis in History/Social Studies Analysis in Science At present,the average PSAT score is 1014 for 11th graders and 934 for 10th graders. A good PSAT score for you, though, will depend on what your PSAT goals are. If youhope to qualify for National Merit, you’ll need a score thatplaces you in the top 1% of test takers foryour state. A good PSAT score could also be any score in the75th percentile or higher, or simply any score similartowhat you'll need on the SAT to get into the colleges you're planning on applying to. But in the end, does your PSAT score really mean anything? Does Your PSAT Score Actually Matter? The truth is that your PSAT score is far less important than your SAT (or ACT) score is. This is mainly because the PSAT isn't used for college admissions. Moreover, your PSAT score has no effect on your GPA, so if you really don’t want to take the test, you don't actually need to (unless it’s mandatory at your school). The only major function of PSAT scores is to win scholarship money and the honor of National Merit Scholar. But unless you’re actively aiming for National Merit status, your PSAT score isn't actually that important. Nevertheless, if you’re hoping to eventually secure a high SAT score, approaching the PSAT with diligence will be critical for your success. Why? You see, PSAT scores directly translate into SAT scores.So a 1400 on the PSAT equals a 1400 on the SAT, a 900 equals a 900, and so on. In short, your PSAT score acts as a predictor of your SAT score. Of course, your PSAT score doesn’t take into account any additional time you’ll spend studying for the SAT, so it's not likely going to be 100% accurate. But whatyour PSAT score does offer is a clear idea as towhere you’re currently scoring and how much of an improvement you’ll need to make in order to hityour SAT goal score. Simply put,you can use yourPSAT score as your baseline SAT score,making it a fairly useful (and thusimportant) score to know. Summary: What Is the PSAT? Is It Important? The PSAT/NMSQT, or PSAT, is a practice test for the SAT that's offered every fall for10th and 11th graders. Italso serves as a qualifying test for the National Merit Scholarship Program, which awards $2,500 scholarships annually to high-scoring 11th graders. You must register for thePSAT test at your own school (or a nearby school) and take it on the test date chosenby your school. The testfee is $16, but this cost varies depending on the school. Fee waivers are usuallyavailable to low-income juniors. The overall structure and content of the PSAT is similar to that of the SAT.There are three sections (Reading, Writing, and Math) that combine to give you a score between 320 and 1520. PSAT scores directly correspond toSAT scores,meaning a score on the PSAT will always equalthe same score on the SAT. Ultimately, how important your PSAT score is depends on what you planto do with it.If you want toqualify for National Meritor eventually get a high SAT score, it's critical that you get a good PSAT score. But if not, your PSAT score won't hold much significance for you or anyone else. In any case,your PSAT score will always be far less important than your SAT (or ACT) score will be! What’s Next? Want to learn more about thePSAT?Check out our expert guide to the PSATfor an extensive overview of everything you'll need to know about the test and what's on it. Confused about PSAT scores?Our in-depth analysis of the PSAT score rangetakes aclose look athow the PSAT is scored andexplains howyou can usethis knowledge to your advantage. Readyto register for the PSAT?Follow our step-by-step guide to learn how the PSAT registration process works as well as how it differs from theSAT registrationprocess. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

U.S. History ip 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

U.S. History ip 3 - Essay Example It unfolded what could be known as the 2nd industrial revolution. This paper shall describe the negative, and the positive developments brought about by industrialization in the United States. It shall analyze whether industrialization in the U.S. sounded beneficial or detrimental on the lives of Americans. The two positive developments in the United States as a result of industrialization included; knowledgeable people and machines, and harnessed the communication and transport systems. The communication and transportation challenged the United States before industrialization. Industrialization stretched the communication and transport systems in the United States. The resourceful state provided approximately three quarters of its finances for construction of canals, and other related waterways improvements. American embraced the technology of building rail roads. By 1860s, more than half of the globe’s railroad tracks were established in the United States. The critical improvement in the 19th century included the telegraph invention by Morse Samuel. The telegraph strapped up the communication system. It allowed sending of messages instantly by use of electronic pulses codes over a wire. The communication and transport developments created a national market. The leading comme rcial power such as merchants could invest in novel enterprises. Acquisition of raw materials could be enabled due to the revolutionized communication and transport. The navy could use the waterways to protect the American trade. International trade could be enabled. The raw materials could be converted easily into finished goods for exportation. The America’s economy became affluent due to the communication and transport systems. The further developments of industrialization in the U.S. included knowledgeable people and machines. The growing united state became strapping. Its prospects attracted ambitious and knowledgeable individuals. These

Digital Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Digital Business Report - Essay Example The benefits delivered by e-commerce to business organisations are often categorised into two segments including tangible benefits and intangible benefits. Tangible benefits of e-commerce are closely linked with increasing business efficiency, reducing operational costs, retaining and increasing customer base along with better automation of the process. On the other hand, intangible benefits of e-commerce to a business venture are associated with secured transaction, rapid delivery, ease and effectiveness of advertisement among others (Kuzic & et. al., 2002). In a nutshell, the e-commerce business venture idea is to set up a webstore, which will sell second-hand educational textbooks. The webstore is named as textbookpalace and its target customers will include secondary school, A-level, college and university students. The second-hand books will be acquired from libraries, schools, universities, charities, bookstores, and private individuals. However, the major supplier for the second-hand book will be the students who able to sell class notes, old tests and textbook. Contextually, certain challenges are identified with the idea of opening and operating the webstore. The most prominent challenges in this regard are associated with the security and privacy, legal aspect and customer service (Kuzic & et. al., 2002). Moreover, as a tool of project management agile methodology will be used. textbookpalace will use Shopify as an e-commerce platform for creating webstore. The rationale behind choosing Shopify is that it provides the simplest way for creating online store. This platform also provides most of the features required by small retailers while it is also extremely easy to use (IBM, 2011). Besides, it offers numerous essential features such as ease in organising products, customising storefront, accepting credit card payments, tracking and responding to customers’ orders among others (Innovation Pei,

A declaration of war justify behaviour Essay Example for Free

A declaration of war justify behaviour Essay Whether or not the declaration of Just War justifies behaviour that is morally or legally unacceptable in peacetime depends firstly on the sort of behaviour we are talking about. There are a number of behaviours that are legally permitted in peacetime that many people would and do reject as morally unacceptable. This includes abortion, euthanasia and animal rights. The legal acceptability of these issues depends on the government, and varies from state to state. In this country, during peacetime it is acceptable to kill in self defence for instance, if ones house is being robbed and the burglar threatens the owner, the owner would not be penalized for shooting and killing the burglar. Pacifists object to all kinds of killing in both war and peacetime, whereas just war supporters try to draw parallels between civil justice and international justice in the attempt to justify certain behaviour. There are also behaviors such as propaganda, espionage and deliberate infringement of human rights that are more doubtful and are usually seen as unacceptable in peacetime. Certain examples of violent behaviour in peacetime in hindsight appear unacceptable, yet at the time those guilty were not prosecuted. There have been a number of incidents when armed Police officers have shot dead suspects who were not carrying a weapon. None of the police officers who killed those people were convicted. This is because killing in defence of innocent life is acceptable in peacetime, and the boundaries and conditions can be bended to suit the individual. Pacifists believe that therefore no killing can be acceptable on deontological grounds. Some religious people argue for the absolute sanctity of human life; they would say that ideally no incidental killings would take place if all killing was prohibited. Thus, this position would assume that a declaration of war does not justify any kind of killing either. Christian absolutists believe they are following the example of Jesus Christ by refusing to resort to violence, even if they have been treated cruelly. Therefore a declaration of just war would not be able to justify any unacceptable behaviour such as murder and violence this would only further divide men, who are already divided by sin. Nevertheless, those who support the Just War theory believe that killing in the name of resisting an unjust oppressor is justifiable. The declaration of just war must be a proportionate response, and must discriminate between the guilty and the innocent. Oliver ODonovan suggests war is an act of armed judgment and must be carried out by an unbiased judge to ensure its fairness. This judge must have a clear perspective on the gains and losses this act would entail and the final aim must be to bring about peace. In theory, military aggression is not defined by killing and violence. For instance, British troops that entered Iraq do not kill unless attack. Therefore killing is still self defence and this is no different to peacetime. Walzer thinks killing in self defence is justifiable and supports the theory of legalist paradigm. This means interstate justice basically reinforces the civil legal system, but on a larger scale it is analogous. The right of a given state to defend itself must be accepted, just as an individual has the right to do the same. Walzer believed whichever side begins aggression to be automatically in the wrong. There is also the question of propaganda and whether it becomes appropriate to mislead people into thinking in a certain way in order for them to support the supposedly just war movement. In a healthy and functioning democracy during peacetime it is prohibited to lie to citizens or conceal the truth of political work. Some would argue that in wartime morale need to be boosted However, when a nation is at war, its citizens are often indoctrinated via mass media with the sort of messages that would disorientate their judgment and evoke hatred for the enemy. Propoganda can lead to disproportionate warfare and killings, therefore it cannot be justified. Human rights have always been an issue, for it is no certain whether it is morally right to deny someone the right to life in favour of another objective. From a utilitarian perspective, it would depend on whether the war was successful. If more people than soldiers killed are able to lead happy and fulfilled lives after the war ends, then it is acceptable to justify military confrontation in wartime. However, The High Court has recently decided that it soldiers human rights should not be overlooked either. This means the Ministry of Defence has to ensure the soldiers are not subjected to combat in intolerable heat or cold, and have functioning equipment. Certain equipment would be forbidden entirely, such as Nimrod planes. Of course, this would affect the damage potential of British troops, and possibly extend the war and subsequently take more lives. A utilitarian critic would ask whether in the long term this court order is going to cause more death and pain.

the atomic bomb :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Atomic Bomb was used more as a weapon of surrender upon the people of Japan than it was used as a display of power towards the Soviets in 1945. The Japanese military had already shown an unwillingness to surrender throughout the war, and this feeling was made famous by their infamous use of suicide pilots, called kamikazes. They had 5,000,000 troops scattered throughout the Pacific Theater of Operations, and an American invasion of the Japanese homeland would have lasted until late 1946 at the least, resulting in no less than 1,000,000 American deaths, according to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson. Although such an invasion was the initial plan of action, after testing of the Manhattan project in New Mexico was completed, the Atomic Bomb seemed to be a quicker solution to an already drawn out war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although people such as James Byrne and General Arnold believed that the surrender of the Japanese was imminent, I don’t think that this was the case. Yes, we had done sufficient damage to their mainland already with conventional bombs, crippling their shipping routes and their military. They were in no state to continue a war, but this doesn’t mean that they wouldn’t have implemented every possible way to end American lives. I am not quick to think that a nation which is willing to go to such extremes for victory as Japan was willing to go through was on the brink of surrender. Byrne predicted that the war would have only taken 6 more months to end conventionally, but I doubt that the American military would have been able to conquer an empire with the willpower of Japan in a mere 6 months. And even if this was the case, as I stated before, American casualties would reach 7 digits in the conquest, numbers that would cripple the American economy even after the wa r was to be over.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And finally, I think President Harry S. Truman’s radio address in August 1945 basically outlines that the dropping of the bomb was somewhat morally acceptable. President Truman states that he believes that if Japan was in our position and they had the bomb, they would not have even thought twice before using it. He reminds the people that the bomb was dropped on the same people who surprise attacked us at Pearl Harbor in December 1941, and the same people who tortured so many of our P.

Women in Business

WOMEN IN BUSINESS Course: HRMG 5000 Managing Human Resources Term: Summer, 2011 Paper #1: Women in Business Student: Daphne Westerlaken – van Westen Contact information: daphne. van. [email  protected] com University: Webster University Leiden Instructor: Arthur De La Loza -2Abstract There is a direct correlation between corporate finance performance and women in leadership roles. The number of female college graduates and overall percentage of females in the workforce is increasing. Therefore the pipeline of women has greatly increased and companies have to capitalize on this to ensure these companies are going to retain, attract and develop this pool of talent. An equal balance of qualified men and women can only be achievd when top management focus on what women want in their company, work-life balance, talent management and equal compensation. Therefore the performance of top management should be judged partly on their ability to groom and promote female talent. -3Introduction The numbers of female college graduates and overall percentage of females in the workforce is increasing. In order to ensure that companies continue to appeal to the best and the brightest men and women, companies need to promote the fact that there is equal access to opportunity for both genders. Catalyst, the leading nonprofit organization working globally with business to build inclusive workplaces and expand opportunities for women and business, has found that there is a direct correlation between corporate finance performance and women in leadership roles. Studies show a more equal balance of qualified men and women drives innovation, engagement and business success. This research paper will focus on the involvement of Human Resource Management to increase the number of women in leadership roles. What Women Want The majority of the women and especially Generation Y (born 1978 – 1994) are concerned about the impact of their life-work balance (e. g. family, child care) decision will have on their careers. BPW (Business and Professional Women’s) Foundation did research on this topic and found out that the most important employer characteristics for women are: 1. Opportunity for employees to self-manage 2. Emphasis on meeting goals, as opposed to how, when or where people do the work 3. Availability of and focus on career advancement opportunities Furthermore BPW found out that women are disconnected with employers when: -41. Employees judge each other based on the number of hours worked and not results produced 2. Employees at the top have more freedom than employees at the bottom. The overall percentage of females in the workforce is increasing and the Generation Y women are the workforce for tomorrow. Because of this, women will ensure the long term business successes. Therefore corporations have to retain, attract and develop women by fulfilling their needs by a multipronged approach: 1. Organizational level: Examine and adjust the prevailing mind-set of inputs over outputs. An environment that rewards a person’s presence is not conducive for encouraging people to apply tools that might improve their performance. 2. Management level: Managers need to be coached in and held accountable for the ways in which their practices enable or limit the effectiveness of their direct reports. 3. Individual level: Each individual should be encourages to identify where and when they work best. Quotas & Regulation Currently women occupy is just 12% of the seats on the boards of large European companies. The European Union warns that if listed European businesses have not made significant progress in raising that percentage by next year March, the European Union will consider mandating that they do through measures such as boardroom measures gender-quotas of the kind already in place in France, Spain and Norway. The proportion of women occupy the seats on the board of the listed France’s companies is expected to hit 20% next year, up from 7% two years ago. The pool of qualified women is finite and therefore the pressure is to prevent that pool from drying up. One of the reasons that -5qualified women are not in that pool, is because there are not visible to companies. Therefore companies and also women need to take actions like: 1. Develop and introduce mentoring programs (pairing senior women with company chairmen as mentors) 2. Build up systematically contacts (networking inside and outside the company) 3. Women have to inform company bosses of the progress in their developments 4. Chief executives have to promote women to their executive committees Regulatory back-up, like quotas, are required, because some men over 60 think that suitable females don’t exist because they have never had women as their peers, and they think women can’t take the pressure involved in serving on a board. Furthermore, these quotas forces companies to develop strategies and programs to retain, attract and develop high qualified women, who can enter the boardroom. But there is also a down side of quotas. Companies have to avoid pushing too low qualified women into boardrooms only to meet these quotas. This will harm the qualified women more than the quotas will help. Work – life Balance With women now making up almost half of the labor force in the Unit States and Europe, they are increasingly juggling work with care giving responsibilities at home. The solution for this dilemma is work flexibility and scheduling. There are several solutions and possibilities to increase the work-life balance: 1. Employees working at home. This can be achieved by teleworking. Telework means that employees work via electronic, telecommunications and Internet means. -62. Compressed work week. A compressed work week is a work week in which a full week’s work is accomplished in fewer than five 8-hour days. Example: four 10hour days. 3. Flextime: Scheduling arrangement in which employees work a set number of hours a day but vary starting and ending times. 4. Job-sharing: Scheduling arrangement in which 2 employees perform the work of one full-time job. Researches have shown that the approach of work flexibility and schedule not only help a company’s business success, it leads to increased employee productivity and retains and attracts the best employees. Equal Compensation The US labor statics for 2009 shows that women’s median full-time earning is 78. 7% of what men earn. The level of education doesn’t make any differences. The reasons for wage differences are complicated. Part of it has to do with many traditionally male-dominated professions, paying better than female-dominated professions. Part of it has to do that women choose to spend more time with family care than with their careers. But that is not whole story. A study showed that when all things are equal (other than gender), women faculty members get paid less their mail colleagues. Women earn on average 6. 9% less than men in similar situations, when the long careers of male faculty members, the relative productivity of faculty member and where male and female faculty members tend to work are taken in account. Why the difference? 1. 2. Sexism and discrimination Women don’t negotiate better salaries for themselves 7There’s not a lot women can do about sexist employers, but salary negotiations are under their control. These negotiations can be a stumbling block, because women are not well trained to negotiate assertively on their own behalf. But if they do, they may be penalized, particularly if the other negotiator is male. A study observed that men were more inclined to work with nicer and less de manding women who accepted their compensation offers without comment than they were with women who attempted to negotiate for higher compensation. Both women were equaled competent for the job. So that’s the double bind for women: if they don’t ask for a higher salary, they likely won’t receive one, but if they do, they may not be hired or promoted. Talent Management Catalyst, a nonprofit women’s research group, mentioned that only 11 chief executives of Fortune 500 companies are women, down from a peak of 15 in 2010. The McKinsey study showed that 37% of lower-level and middle management are female, while just 26% of vice presidents and other senior manager are women at Fortune 500 companies. McKinsey researchers found that female ambition declines at middle age. About 64% of women ages 45 to 54 old expressed a desire to advance professionally, compared with 78% of the men in the same age range. The comparable figures were 92% and 98% respectively, for women and men aged 23 to 34. The decrease of the desire to advance professionally of middle aged women is caused by their experience of not well fitted Talent Management Systems. Corporations can improve the odds for building diversity in the top management by increasing the number of women who make it from middle management to the vice presidential level. There are several opportunities, which companies can implement: -81. Companies need to spend more time coaching women and offering more leadership training and rotation through various management roles. 2. Companies should watch the women at the middle management level systematically and putting these women in programs that would help them to develop and get the next (promotion) hurdle. 3. Companies should be actively grooming women, making sure they have mentors and actively promoting their careers. 4. The performance of top management should be judged partly on their ability to groom and promote female talent. Conclusion & Recommendations Research has shown that there is a direct correlation between corporate financial performance and having a mix of women and men in senior leadership roles. Statistics show that the number of female college graduates and overall percentage of females in the workforce is increasing. Therefore the pipeline of women has greatly increased and companies have to capitalize on this to ensure these companies are going to retain, attract and develop this pool of talent. To capitalize the women talents, companies need to change their (masculine) corporate culture. In the majority of the companies, female employees don’t have same access to opportunities as their male colleagues. To increase the corporate financial performance, companies need to improve their corporate culture and the equal access to opportunities for both female and male employees. -9Every business and company is different and therefore companies need to found out what the needs are from their (future) female employees. In general, the most important employer characteristics for women are: 1. 2. 3. Opportunity for employees to self manage Emphasis on meeting goals, as opposed to how, when or where people do the work Availability of and focus on career advancement opportunities The work-life balance becomes more important for both female and male employees; due to that the number of women participates in the workforce is increasing. There are several solutions and possibilities which companies can implement to increase the work-life balance: 1. 2. 3. 4. Employees working at home (teleworking) Compressed work week Flextime Job-sharing Besides attract and retain female employees, development of these qualified women is important, because they will ensure the mix of women and men in senior leadership roles. Therefore it is recommended that companies improve their talent management with: 1. Coaching women, offering leadership training and rotations through various management roles 2. Watch the women at middle management level systematically and putting these women in programs that would help them to develop and get the next promotion hurdle . Actively grooming women, making sure that they have mentors and actively promoting their careers – 10 Without equal compensation, women will leave the company or are not interested to start their career with a company. Therefore is important that companies need to make sure that both women and men are equal compensated for the work they do. The final recommendation is more means of putting p ressure on companies. A regulatory back-up, like quotas, forces companies to develop strategies and programs to retain, attract and develop high qualified women, who can enter the boardroom. Unfortunately there is also a down-side of quotas. Companies have to avoid pushing too low qualified women into boardrooms only to meet these quotas. This will harm the qualified women undeserved. An equal balance of qualified men and women can only be achieved when top management focus on what women want in their company, work-life balance, talent management and equal compensation. Therefore the performance of top management should be judged partly on their ability to groom and promote female talent. – 11 References Mathis, Robert L and Jackson, John H (2011). Human Resource Management. South-Western, a part of Cengage Learning Jolis, Anne (2011, May 19). What Women Want. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 23, 2011, from http://www. WSJ. com SHRM Online staff (2011, April 26). What Gen Y Women Want: Autonomy and Self-Direction. Society for Human Resource Management. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www. shrm. org Boulton, Leyla (2011, May 10). UK headhunter pledge new focus on gender. Financial Times. Retrieved May 19, 2011, from http://www. ft. com Manzano-Diaz, Sara (2011, May 20). Helping Women Advance in the Workplace. Council on Women and Girls. Retrieved May 25, 2011, from http://www. whitehouse. gov/administration/eop/cwg Peggy (2011, April 12). Equal Pay Day: Why don’t women just ask for more? Retrieved May 25, 2011, from http://www. scientopia. org/blogs/everydaybiology/ Lublin, Joann S, (2011, April 4). Coaching Urged for Women. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 14, 2011, from http://www. WSJ. com Prime, Jeanine and Moss-Racusin, Corinne A (2009). Engaging men in gender initiatives: What Change Agents Need To Know. Catalyst Zahidi, Saadia and Ibarra, Herminia (2010). The Corporate Gender Gap Report 2010. World Economic Forum Women in Business Women are becoming more involved in the business world by having well established careers and businesses that are performing very well all over the world. Their businesses are growing and contributing significantly to the economies of their countries. They have been able to develop careers and businesses in areas that were initially regarded as the domain of men. As they enter this environment, they have developed new styles of carrying out business and come up with ways that are different from those that were being used by men in the past. There are various reasons that have inspired the women to start their own businesses and join the male dominated territory. Some of these reasons are derived from the needs that these women have. Financial security and the need to achieve something in their lives are some of these reasons that have inspired the women to come up with various businesses. Other reasons include seeking independence and flexibility to allow then to determine how they want to work and when they want to work. One of the major challenges that women face as they carry out their business is the ability to balance their work and their family. The women face this challenge as they are not able to separate the business side of things and the family side. However, there are various steps that these women can carry out to ensure that they strike a balance between their business work and their family roles. Some of the steps include coming up with a schedule of events and time that can help the women manage their time. They can also talk to their families and make them understand the importance of the jobs and how much it means to them. Their families can then be in a position to respect the business and value it. Developing a work cycle that fits the family life cycle can also help the women to create more opportunities and chances of spending time with their families without affecting the performance of the business. 1. 0 Introduction Women in the recent past have become more involved in business with many of them starting up their own businesses. The rate of women starting their own businesses is increasing with the rate being twice that of the national average. Some of these women have more than a hundred employees in their businesses (Ericksen & Young, 1999). They have been going forward in their ventures and succeeding. These women have been able to prove that the world of business is not only a man’s world. They have gone and succeeded in areas that are considered male territory in business such as real estate, moving, restaurant business among others. The women have also maintained their characteristics and experiences of being mothers, daughters and wives as they carry on business. This paper discusses the experiences of women in business including the entrepreneurs and how they balance their work and family. 2. Women in Business In the past, men have been involved in business establishing rules and structures to be followed in organizations. However more women are getting involved and becoming part of the business world in one way or another. They have been able to enter this male dominated environment and they have been changing the way things are done and making positive contributions to the development of businesses and org anizations. They have introduced new methods and styles of doing things that are very different from the methods were being followed by the men. Most of these women have formed their own businesses which they have developed from their own unique ideas and talents that they possess. In the United States alone, there are more than ten million businesses that have been started by women. These businesses have employed over 13 million people (Gunelius, The Importance of Women-Owned Business Certification, n. d). In 2008, such businesses were able to impact the national and local economies greatly and significantly generating sales of over $1. 9 trillion (Gunelius, n. d). Women have been inspired to work hard in their businesses pushing them to great heights and reaching new levels. These women are persistent and they leave undeniable marks on the economy they impact. Most of these women have made plans and they continue to make plans for the future of their businesses with about 37% of them planning to leave their businesses in the hands of their daughters (Gunelius, Statistics About Women Business Ownders from Center for Women’s Business Research, n. d). This will help ensure that such businesses owned by women will be here to stay. 2. 1 Reasons for Joining Business. There are various factors that make the women to join the world of entrepreneurship and leave their current employment levels. Other women who are merely stay at homes have been driven to start their own businesses. These women have been inspired to start their own business that range in all sorts of industries. Other women have been inspired to start businesses that they are able to operate from home. Some of the women use their professional skills and competencies to start their own businesses while others use their hobbies and talents as the foundation and acquire the skills that are needed. Majority of these women when starting these businesses do not have any business knowledge or background but due to their passion and ambition they are able to succeed. (a) Financial Security There are various reasons that make women get involved in business with some starting their own businesses. Most of these women usually state economic necessity as one of the reasons that they start their own businesses. They start this business as they look for a source of income to make ends meet. The income they get is used to sustain their family and provide for the needs of their family. Financial security is the major driving force for most women who join business starting their own businesses (Lake, Conway, & Whitney, 2005). (b) Flexibility and Independence Most of these women are mothers and they like to work using their own schedules so that they are able to spend more time with their children and family. They then choose the option of starting their own businesses that will allow them to be flexible and juggle their personal lives with their work. Having their own business allows them to freedom and independence to decide when to work and where to work from (Lake, Conway, & Whitney, 2005). Most of the women entrepreneurs choose to work from their homes and just create an office in one of the rooms in their houses. (c) Corporate Glass Ceiling Some women experience a situation where they are not able to proceed further in their careers. Corporate glass ceiling is a situation where certain careers in business cannot exceed a particular level in growth. In that career there are simply no other levels that can be achieved above the current level. Women who experience such a situation end up starting their own businesses that give them more options in their careers and more fulfillments. The women are driven by this inspiration and they become their own boss (DeYoung, n. d). (d) Solving a Problem Some women entrepreneurial spirit is started off by the need to solve a particular problem that they experience and others in the society as well. They then develop a solution to the problem and then make money out of it as they help solve the problem effectively. Some of these women include Julie Clark. She came across a problem of lack of educational videos for small children and from then started to make them for her babies. She later founded a company by name The Baby Einstein that was involved in production of educational videos for young children (DeYoung, n. d). (e) Personal Achievement Some women are driven to start their own business by the desire to achieve some goals or achievements professionally (Lake, Conway, & Whitney, 2005). For most of the women who are driven by this desire, tangibles are not part of their quest. They are driven by perseverance and the desire to achieve something on their won with their own knowledge and abilities and operate a business. From the business they start they are able to achieve and make a significant impact in their lives, their families and the people around them. 2. 2 Challenges Faced In Business Entrepreneurs face several challenges when they are starting off and as the businesses grow. Women however face more challenges and obstacles as they carryout their own business (Gunelius, Challenges Facing Women in Business, n. d). These challenges although they are many they are not able to deter them from carrying out their businesses and becoming successful. They have been able to overcome these challenges and continue growing their businesses. One of these challenges is the lack of equal opportunity in the business environment. (a) Gender Discrimination The business environment has for a very long time been male dominated. It has drawn very clear lines on gender, and these lines have extended in all business areas. There are very few businesses that have been regarded to be for women. Most women when they start of their businesses in areas that were not regarded for them, they face a lot of gender related discrimination (Gunelius, Challenges Facing Women in Business, n. ). This mostly happens to women who are of a different race or color than the men. Studies have shown that more women who are of African American origin are discriminated in the business environment (Lake, Conway, & Whitney, 2005). (b) Family Pressure Some of the women who start of their own businesses they are overwhelmed by the activities that are involved in their bus inesses and they are not able to maintain a balance between their businesses and their families. This is one of the challenges that face women all over the world who are also mothers and have families to take care of. The balance between the business and the family life becomes hard to achieve and in most cases their family life suffers. The family pressures then take a toll on their relationships and their roles as mothers (Gunelius, Challenges Facing Women in Business, n. d). (c) Unequal Opportunities One other challenge that faces many women, who start of their own businesses especially in an area that is highly dominated by men, is the lack of opportunities that are equal (Gunelius, Challenges Facing Women in Business, n. d). They face these challenges as they carry out their daily business activities and seek funds for their businesses. These challenges interfere with their businesses and they are not able to move and grow as expected. Studies have shown that most women do not receive equal opportunities in the business environment especially in financial institutions with over 67% of them reporting difficulties when accessing funds (â€Å"Women Entreprenuers,† n. d). 3. 0 Work/Family Balance As women become more involved in the business environment developing their businesses, they are constantly faced with the challenge of managing their time properly between their business and their family. They are constantly seeking ways to manage and balance these two important sides of their life. Entrepreneurship on its own enables the women to manage their time and develop schedules that suit their life and their families as well (Women entrepreneurs, n. d). They are able to attend to family matters and other family activities and still be able to carryout their businesses. The flexibility and independence allows to allocate more time when need be to the family in various stages of her life and make up for any time lost with her family. 0% of most of the working women are driven to start their own businesses in order to enjoy this flexibility and independence (Business Women and Challenges of Work, Family, n. d). Even though the women entrepreneurs have the freedom to be flexible and spend time with their families some are not able to balance the two. There are various steps that women can follow to ensure that they are able to balance their lives and manage their time properly be tween their work and their life and hence create a balance. 3. 1 Developing a Mindset and Keeping Perspective. The women who have difficulty managing their time properly and balancing their family life and work should be able to keep a proper perspective and mindset. They should stay focused in their relationships in their family as they are valuable aspects of their life. The relationships should be maintained at all times and decisions made should be able to maintain them. These relationships are very important as they are the sources of happiness and they influence how the work is done and the quality that is maintained (Ericksen & Young, 1999). The perspective and mind set taken should put this relationships first and the business second. Businesses and work should be seen as ways of supporting the relationships. This mindset when grounded can help in the decision making process and ensure that the decision s that are made focus on maintaining these relationships above all else. Work should also be treated with respect and the family should also be advised to respect the business time and value it. The women should show the families the importance of the work and what it means to them. They should also strive to do everything they can to make the work succeed. When they treat the work with a lot of respect and value the families are also able to see this and they in turn develop the same respect and value in that business (Isidro, 2010). 3. 2 Developing a Schedule A schedule can be made that can help the women to manage the time effectively. The schedule when followed can help the women to allocate enough time for the family and the business and avoid conflicts. Regular working hours can be established and maintained and any unexpected occurrence of events can be handled carefully and time compensated appropriately (Isidro, 2010). The schedule can also include frequent time breaks for the women to spend some time with the children during those breaks. The breaks can be used as a way of relaxing and spending time with the family and giving them undivided attention at this time. A schedule can also be made for the family vacations and weekends. Some women find it difficult to work when their families are at home during the summer and other holidays. Therefore a schedule can be made to include the time the family should take vacations and holidays together. The family can be involved in the making of the schedule to ensure that they are able to understand the importance of the vacation and the impact it has on the business (Business Women and Challenges of Work, Family, n. d). They will be able to offer their support and allow the women to work undisturbed and respect the working hours. 3. 3 Outsourcing and Delegating Women should not see themselves as super heroes and tend to take on all the activities of the business on their own. They can allocate some of the activities and tasks to some of the employees they can trust and then handle the more complex tasks. They can also outsource some of the work from other businesses to be able to save on time to spend with their families. They can stick to accomplishing only what they need to do on their own to ensure that the business remains productive. The faster they do their work the more time they have with their families. Getting a personal assistant when the business activities increase can allow them to spend more time with their families and still be able to make the businesses successful. Through networking the women can be able to identify other businesses that can be able to handle some of the activities of their business and outsource it to them (Lake, Conway, & Whitney, 2005). 3. 4 Being Fit and Healthy A woman managing her own business should strive to keep herself healthy and fit to ensure that she is able to carry out the business and the family as well. She should stay healthy and take good care of herself in a way that she is able to take care of her family. If she is able to take care of herself then she will be more likely to be in a position to take care of her family. When working she should only take up jobs that do not strain her mentally and physically. Once she feels that she is almost burning out she should relax and take a break. Prioritizing her activities and tasks should help her deal with only what is important. She should also learn to say no in certain circumstances and avoid feeling guilty when she says no. She should just strive to do her best and deal with her life one day at a time. She can also join support groups that can help her deal with some of the issues in her business. Such support groups can be identified through networks both in the community and online (Isidro, 2010). . 5 Match the Life Cycle and the Business Cycle Women entrepreneurs can seek to match the work cycle with that of the family in order to spend more time with them. They should not be in a hurry to accomplish so much in their business and forget their families (Gunelius, Challenges Facing Women in Business, n. d). They should instead work hard where they ca n and use the slow road since it will still get them there. They should also be gentle with themselves and come up with ways that will allow them to spend time with their families. The women can for example wake up early enough and perform some of the work that is needed urgently in order to ensure that they are able to spend some time with their family during breakfast. They can also use the weekend to recover some of the time that is lost during the week as they also take a break. Another way to ensure that she is able to spend more time with the children is to work late at night when the children are asleep and it is quiet since they are able to concentrate more and accomplish more tasks then. During the day they can then spend the time with their children and play with them. The women can also avoid answering phone calls when they are spending time with their families or replying to email. When they are with their families they can switch off their mobile phones to avoid interrupting the time they are spending with their families (Isidro, 2010). 3. 6 Family’s Commitment The family should be made to understand the importance of the business and how it is operated. Making them understand will ensure that they are supportive and committed to ensure that it is successful. It is important to teach them and let them know how the business is doing, whether the money is tight and when it is doing well. They can help and come up with ideas that can be used to improve and make it better and offer moral support when things are not going well (â€Å"Women entrepreneurs,† n. d). The women should also consider the needs of their families and support them when they need the support (Isidro, 2010). Some of the needs of the family can be handled at a later time while others need urgent attention. Women should be able to identify some of the needs that are urgent and handle them immediately. Several minutes can be used to solve a problem and avoid severe consequences. The several minutes can also portray concern to the family and the issue at hand. This is importantly helpful as it helps strengthen the family relationships. Constant communication with the family should help the women identify issues that are affecting the family and the needs that they are going through. 4. 0 Conclusion Women are becoming more involved in the business environment and performing very well. They have opened up their own businesses out of ideas they have developed. From these ideas they have been able to generate a lot of money for the national economies and contributed significantly to the society. Their businesses are driven by the need to help and the desires and passion of these women. Despite the challenges the women have faced that are unique to the business environment, they have been able to overcome them through perseverance and a lot of hard work. The women who have made it are able to inspire and motivate the other women to come up and develop their own businesses and succeed. They have also become role models in their society and all over the world through their achievements and successes.

Natural food and drink industry Essay

Executive Summary The all natural food and drink industry is relatively new, it has emerged as part of the clean label trend and is seen as an alternative to the organic products or products labeled as â€Å"free-from†. The global all natural food and drink market has shown a steady growth during the last few years and is expected to grow due to rising demands for healthy, nutritional, natural foods and drinks without chemicals and artificial ingredients. Growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 35% annually, Indian non-carbonated drink market is likely to touch Rs. 54,000 crore by 2015 from the current level of Rs. 22,000 crore including fruit drinks, nectars and juices etc. Our company J-GAPS started in 2014 thereby tapping this potential in the Indian market had come up with a natural flavored drink segment in terms of coconut water with Kewra and Mint with the product named SIPCO in order to revive freshness. This could be seen as great opportunity in Maharashtra near the Konkan region where the natural source of tender coconut could be fully utilized to provide healthy natural beverage to people. The financial assistance is catered by coconut development board in terms of 50% cost of production. The vision of our company is to provide a natural drink to the consumer so as to improve their health in a fast paced lifestyle. Identifying the gap in this market through market analysis especially in terms of coconut water wherein there are hardly tetra packs available in order to make it convenient for people to have the nutritional drink without carrying the hard husk. The main drivers of introducing such a natural beverage includes rising consumer concerns regarding artificial ingredients, artificially introduced hormones and genetically modified products, and their awareness of the long term health benefits of natural food and good nutrition thereby having a lifestyle of health and sustainability (LOHAS). We therefore see ahead a great potential in this market as GEN – Y would be the most prominent segment to be tapped in order to sustain in the market and thereby expand our presence in India. 1. Current Marketing Situation 1.1 Industry overview The Indian packaged tender coconut water is still an industry in its development phase. There exist a very few players in this market. J-GAPS  aims to position its product in the general market where exist players like Pepsi, Coca cola, Parle agro foods etc. who are major players in the soft drink segment. The emerging trend among consumers to go for healthy and natural food products will drive this industry. Coconut water is a fruit juice with many unique features and a major one is a low calorie content .This makes it a very attractive prospect for weight management positioned juices. 1.2 Company description J-GAPS will primarily engage in extracting, processing and adding flavors to tender coconut water which is then ready to be delivered to stores. It is a privately held firm will be located in Ratnagiri in the state of Maharashtra .We have identified a location which is closer to the coconut farms. J-GAPS sources the tender coconut for its requirements from its own farms and also additionally from other farmers directly. Our processing unit has a capacity of processing liters water annually. 1.3 Market analysis- Tender flavored coconut water is recommended for people of all ages. With the consumers turning health conscious and preferring natural products, we believe that our product has a strong market both in domestic circles and in countries abroad. Our main target customer is the young generations who have a fancy for energy drinks. We also target sport persons with our special energy pack. We want to make our drink available for homes, offices, hospitals, sports persons, marriages, other occasions, hotels and restaurants. The recent studies showing the impact of aerated drinks on health has turned customer to ignore such artificially produced drinks and go for natural food drinks. The rising population will require larger amount of food drinks. Our product will be a natural thirst quencher with added flavor of Kewra essence in it which will be beneficial during the long summer months. 1.4 Major Segmentation Approach 1.5 PESTLE Analysis The Pestle Analysis identifies the political, economic, social, technological, legal and ecological influences on an organization. Political factors Various political factors affect the fruit juice industry. With the change of government the policies regulating the industry might change. As the taxation policy keeps changing, it has a significant effect on fruit juice industry. The government plans of encouraging foreign direct investments would affect our industry highly as organized fruit juice industry has only 3 % share as of now in the market but with FDIs it could increase significantly by coming of bigger players. Economic factors Our company would rely on trucks to move our raw materials to the processing plant and distribute our finished product so, fuel is also an important subject, so the company is subject to the fuel price fluctuation, and to possible fuel crisis. Since, ours is an agro based industry so we would be exposed to the risks of high prices due to crop failure, non-availability of raw material because of pest attack etc. Other economic factors affecting fruit juice industry are often linked to variability in real growth, inflation, interest rates, governmental actions and other factors. Factors like money supply, energy availability and cost, business cycles, etc. would also affect our company. Socio-cultural factors We are more than a billion strong nations and the youngest country as well. We are also home to the great Indian middle class. The major growth drivers in fruit juice market are increase in health consciousness among consumers, increase in disposable incomes and more sophisticated cocktail culture. There is more money circulating in the economy. With life becoming more hectic and tiring, consumer preferences are witnessing a visible shift towards healthy foods. Even the younger generation has started shifting from fizz to fresh and healthy. As people are becoming more and more educated, they are taking the healthy route. Technological factors Fruit juices have become big business throughout much of the developed and developing world with the increasing health conscious proportion of population. In this ever growing industry technology plays a major role in maintaining the quality and cost efficiency to generate higher profits.  Better technology can increase the shelf life of our product. Technology refers to both production process as well as machinery. Legal factors Processed fruit juices are regulated under the Food and Drugs Act and Regulations as a food product and the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act. The Food and Drugs Act creates identity standards, provides a basis for labelling requirements and establishes the safety parameters for soft drinks. As food safety requirements become more advanced across the beverage industry, tracking and traceability capabilities are a prerequisite. Ecological factors One environmental issue that food processing companies face is waste remaining from packaging. However, the problem often lies in feasibility of collection, separation and purification of the consumers’ disposed bottles or drinks packets. Environmental issues have gained importance because of regulatory requirements. It is not possible to sell a new packaging material without covering all the environmental issues. The reduction of materials in packing cartons can potentially provide both financial and environmental benefits. . We propose to provide our product in tetra packs so that lesser damage is done to the environment in comparison to PET bottles. 2. Product review 2.1 Product features In India coconut water has always been considered as a health drink to refresh the body due to its nutritional value. Tender Coconut Water is considered the healthiest & best sports drink in the world, because it contains vitamins. It is very refreshing and rich in sugar, electrolytes and minerals – available in the natural form in most sterile conditions. It is a natural isotonic drink where the electrolyte levels are similar to those found in the human body. The water of fresh green coconuts is actually fat free. Our company keeping this factor in mind has come up with two natural flavored drink containing 1. Kewra essence which has a floral fragrance thereby providing a cooling effect in the drink. 2. Mint flavor to provide freshness and energizing flavor to the drink Chota Anna would have two variants in terms of Kewra drink and Mint drink. Kewra drink Mint drink Coconut water Coconut water Kewra essence Mint sugar honey Farm Fresh Tender Coconut are selected (50% capacity extracted) and the rest purchased from the Ratnagiri Association Coconut supplier and Natural Tender Coconut Water is squeezed out, untouched by hand and put through a special process in order to add the natural flavors of Kewra essence and Mint. The product is packed in food-grade Bottles/ Cans, which keeps it fresh for 9/18 months. The taste is natural and hence good.